Frontiers in Neuroscience

Severe motor impairments such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and locked-in syndrome lead to partial or complete loss of speech, severely restricting communication as voluntary motor control deteriorates. In this study, we developed a non-invasive, wearable EEG-based brain-computer interface that reconstructs coherent natural language sentences by decoding linguistic components directly from neural activity. EEG data were collected from 20 healthy volunteers using two bilateral temporal electro...

PurposeReal-world evidence (RWE) is of practical significance as it enables the evaluation of whether findings observed in rigorously controlled clinical trial settings are generalizable to routine clinical practice. While Lenire, a bimodal neuromodulation tinnitus treatment device, has demonstrated efficacy and safety within controlled trials, further RWE from clinics is needed to reinforce these results. This is the first real-world study to assess the therapeutic effects of Lenire on tinnitus...

BackgroundThe construct of Hidden Hearing Loss (HHL) proposes a link between patient-reported hearing difficulties and underlying neural deficits not captured by the standard audiogram. However, the heterogeneity of this population challenges the utility of HHL as a unitary diagnosis. This study presents an exploratory analysis aimed at deconstructing the HHL symptom complex. MethodsIn 30 participants with a range of hearing abilities and complaints, we measured binaural unmasking using the Bin...

ObjectiveThis binational cross-centre study analyses a consented audiological-vestibular test battery for characterising age-related hearing loss, enabling precise phenotyping of suprathreshold functional, physiological, and vestibular factors beyond audibility. DesignStatistical analysis of centre effects to assess comparability of the test battery measured at two centres (Germany and France); statistical analysis of age and pure-tone average (PTA) effects per test to identify potential covari...

BackgroundMotor threshold (MT) estimation is fundamental to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), guiding individualized stimulation intensity in research and therapy. Conventional methods such as the 5-out-of-10 rule require many stimuli, while adaptive approaches like Parameter Estimation by Sequential Testing (PEST) improve efficiency but can exhibit poor convergence under certain conditions. ObjectiveThis study introduces the Bayesian Uncertainty Dynamic Algorithm for Parameter Estimatio...

Age-related hearing loss is the leading sensory deficit in older adults, yet audiometric thresholds at conventional frequencies often poorly predict speech understanding. Two competing hypotheses have emerged: extended high-frequency (eHF) hearing loss beyond 8 kHz may unmask variance in speech performance, while hidden hearing loss from cochlear synaptopathy---detectable via auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave I amplitude reduction---may degrade temporal coding independent of audiometry. Her...

ObjectiveWe developed and validated a detection-guided artifact removal framework for clinical electroencephalography (EEG). It corrects only the contaminated segments and preserves artifact-free data. ApproachThe framework employs convolutional neural network (CNN) detectors trained on the Temple University Hospital (TUH) Artifact Corpus of 150 recordings from 105 patients. For eye movement artifacts (20 second windows), it uses independent component analysis (ICA) and canonical correlation an...

MotivationGlaucoma is a progressive visual pathway disorder leading to visual field loss, which can be linked to disruptions in visuo-motor function and an increase in fall risk. Motor-cognitive training has been shown to affect visuo-motor functional connectivity (FC) in healthy controls (HC) and could therefore be a viable strategy for the management of glaucoma patients (GL). MethodsUsing 3T resting state functional-MRI (rs-fMRI), we studied the effect of a multimodal intervention (MMI [resi...

BackgroundAssessing consciousness at the bedside in the neurocritical care unit is complicated by sedation and other treatment effects. While EEG is commonly used, it offers a limited view of the neurovascular unit. We evaluated whether combining cerebral blood flow (CBF) features with EEG improves binary classification of consciousness in patients with severe brain injury. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 35 adults who underwent multimodal neuromonitoring. Signals were segmented into 30-min ...

The neural signature of rhythm and tempo remains difficult to study in both humans and non-human primates. Here we recorded from the motor cortex of human participants implanted with intracortical microelectrode arrays while they performed a series of rhythmic tapping tasks. We found that rhythmic tapping elicited low-dimensional rotational neural dynamics whose radii varied in a tempo-dependent manner and axes related to kinematic properties. Moreover, we observed a spectrum of kinematic and ne...

In this study, we subject the conventional physiological interpretation of independent component analysis (ICA) applied to EEG, the small-patch model, to systematic falsification, and propose an alternative large-patch model. The small-patch model assumes that ICs correspond to localized cortical patches with < 1 cm{superscript 2}. However, this assumption has remained unvalidated. The small-patch model predicts that approximately 70% of sources are localized within sulci up to 15 mm deep, with ...

ObjectiveTo evaluate central and peripheral correlates of motor control using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and surface electromyography (EMG), with a focus on the added value of EMG-informed analysis during movement of the lower limb in healthy controls. MethodsTwenty participants performed dorsi-/plantarflexion of the ankle (Ankle) and gait imagery (GI) in a block design during fMRI. Accelerometry (Acc) and surface EMG from tibialis anterior (TA) activity were recorded and incl...

PurposeNearly all amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients develop dysarthria, with many progressing to anarthria and global expressive communication failure despite preserved consciousness. Despite the severity of this communication loss, available augmentative communication technologies remain limited. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology provides a theoretically compelling approach for decoding speech directly from neural activity. Current BCI technologies are predominantly invasive,...

BackgroundAuditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) provide an objective method for estimating hearing thresholds in individuals unable to provide behavioural responses. Bone conduction (BC) testing is required to differentiate conductive from sensorineural hearing loss. Accurate BC ASSR threshold estimation relies on "correction" factors, which are not yet well established. This meta-analysis evaluated the reliability of BC ASSR thresholds to estimate hearing thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000 and 400...

BackgroundInvasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is the reference standard for detecting intracranial hypertension but requires neurosurgical expertise and carries procedural risks. Non-invasive methods with high negative predictive value (NPV) could serve as screening tools to rule out dangerous ICP elevations and guide decisions about invasive monitoring. We conducted a pilot evaluation to assess whether a smartphone-based, lighting-invariant quantitative pupillometry platform achieve...

Restoring communication for people with dysarthria secondary to pontine stroke remains a critical challenge. Intracortical brain-computer interfaces (iBCIs) have demonstrated great potential for speech restoration in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with 1-24% word error rates (WERs) on a 125,000-word vocabulary. In pontine stroke, electrocorticography (ECoG) BCIs achieved 25.5% WERs with a smaller 1,024-word vocabulary. Whether intracortical BCI performance improvements extend t...

BackgroundTinnitus affects a substantial proportion of the global population and can severely disrupt sleep, mood, and daily functioning, yet the quality of mobile health apps designed for tinnitus management remains highly variable. Traditional evaluation methods, including clinical trials, expert rating scales, and small-scale surveys, rarely capture large-scale, feature-level feedback from real-world users, leaving a gap in understanding which app characteristics drive sustained engagement an...

BackgroundPropofol exposure can produce heterogenous neural responses, from the expected suppression to transient paradoxical excitation. EEG measures of signal complexity and entropy have emerged as reliable markers of consciousness, but different types of complexity and entropy measures are often conflated. We used Type I and II complexity measures on the Complexity-Entropy Causal Plane (CECP) to characterize divergent neural trajectories during propofol-induced loss of consciousness. We hypot...

IntroductionIntracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is commonly used in neuro-intensive care, but its utility may be limited by a suboptimal use. The brain pressure-volume relationship, a potential predictor of neurological health, is now approached using time-domain methods, which can be challenging to implement. Frequency-domain methods may offer an alternative, but their relationship with time-domain metrics remains unclear. This study compares time- and frequency-domain methods for assessing ...

Temporal interference stimulation (TIS) promises deeper and more selective neuromodulation, yet predictions remain sensitive to uncertainties in electrode setup and head modeling. We investigate the impact of coregistration error (CE) of the volume conductor and the head, electrode placement uncertainty (EP), and tissue conductivity uncertainty (CU) on the electric field generated by TIS. The stochastic model aggregates CE, EP, and CU into nineteen random variables and is evaluated for a deep ta...